While surgeons certainly know how to remove tons of cellulite yearly, they still are not sure exactly what it is. Treatments for cellulite remain controversial, with proponents advocating a variety of regimens, with little published data available to back up findings. Now, two studies have found that if patients want body contouring and cellulite improvement the way to go is with a combined regimen.
Gregory S. LaTrenta, M.D., looked at the effects of endermologie in two prospective studies. In the first, two groups of 25 closely matched women underwent liposuction with external ultrasound assist (EUAL) to the superficial and deep subcutaneous areas of the flank, hips, and thighs followed in two weeks by a 20-week course of Endermologie. The second group underwent EUAL alone to the same superficial and deep subcutaneous areas. Patient evaluation preoperatively and nine months postoperatively included standardized 35-mm photography, standardized circumferential body measurements, and body composition analysis.
Photographic results were analyzed by objective blind grading by four physicians. Body-contour improvement and cellulite improvement were the endpoints they evaluated. Patient satisfaction was also measured.
Complications at a minimum
Dr. LaTrenta, associate professor of surgery at Cornell University Medical College, New York City, reported no significant complications in either group. The average volume of aspirate for both groups was about 2 liters. Of significance, he said, was that revisional liposuction was required in 4 percent of the first group and in 12 percent of the second group. There were no differences in the standard circumferential body measurements or in the body-composition analysis.
The results of the blind grading tells a different story, however, with a 92 percent improvement in body contouring and a 50 percent improvement in cellulite reduction in the first group, and an 87 percent improvement in body contouring and zero percent improvement in cellulite reduction in the second group. Patients rated their satisfaction as 96 percent in the first group and 92 percent in the second group.
From this work, Dr. LaTrenta concluded that endermologie after liposuction improves results for cellulite reduction and reduces the need for revisional surgery, but has no significant improvement over EUAL alone in terms of body contouring.
He found that liposuction did not create cellulite, but more importantly, that liposuction followed by endermologie resulted in a very low revisional rate. "This is attributed to the fact the endermologie really smoothes out the end result and potential imperfections that occur with large-volume liposuction. Although I don't have the data to support it, my impression is that if patients maintain their current diet and exercise regimen they will maintain their results," he said.
In another prospective study, he found similar results. Two groups each consisting of 36 women were compared. The first group underwent a 20-week course of endermologie alone of the abdomen, flanks, hips, and thighs. The second group underwent EUAL alone to the superficial and deep subcutaneous areas of the flanks, hips, and thighs. Methods of analysis were similar to those used for the first study.
In this study, there were no significant complications for either group. The average volume of aspirate was 1900 mL with a contour revision rates of 11 percent. The standardized circumferential body measurements of the waist, hips, thighs, and right knees of the EUAL patients showed a statistically significant reduction greater than that noted in the endermologie patients. The body composition analysis of the EUAL group had a greater reduction in percentage of body fat, fat mass, body weight, lean body mass, and impedance than was seen in the endermologie group.
The objective blind photographic grading demonstrated a mean improvement of 25 percent in body contour in the endermologie group which was largely proportional to weight loss and a mean cellulite reduction of 50 percent. In the EUAL group, a mean improvement of 87 percent in body contour -- which represented a true alteration of body contour, rather than a proportional reduction -- was seen along with a mean cellulite reduction of zero percent, he added.
Surgical technique
Dr. LaTrenta uses a super-wet, one-to-one tumescent external ultrasound assisted liposuction, performed under MAC anesthesia which is regional anesthesia, I.V. sedation. The deep fat pockets in the hip, thigh, buttocks, and flank area are addressed initially with 3- and 4-mm cannulas and superficial collections are addressed with 2- and 3-mm cannulas, the patient is placed in a surgical garment 24 hours a day, for two weeks postoperative, then wears a less restrictive garment during the day for an additional two weeks.
The best candidate, he said, is age appropriate, and someone who diets and exercises yet still has recalcitrant cellulite and persistent fat collections in the hip and thigh region. Extremely difficult patients are those with secondary liposuction deformities and patients who have most massive weight due to excessive skin laxity. Another difficult group to treat are patients with a great deal of buttock dimpling.
Gregory S. LaTrenta, M.D., looked at the effects of endermologie in two prospective studies. In the first, two groups of 25 closely matched women underwent liposuction with external ultrasound assist (EUAL) to the superficial and deep subcutaneous areas of the flank, hips, and thighs followed in two weeks by a 20-week course of Endermologie. The second group underwent EUAL alone to the same superficial and deep subcutaneous areas. Patient evaluation preoperatively and nine months postoperatively included standardized 35-mm photography, standardized circumferential body measurements, and body composition analysis.
Photographic results were analyzed by objective blind grading by four physicians. Body-contour improvement and cellulite improvement were the endpoints they evaluated. Patient satisfaction was also measured.
Complications at a minimum
Dr. LaTrenta, associate professor of surgery at Cornell University Medical College, New York City, reported no significant complications in either group. The average volume of aspirate for both groups was about 2 liters. Of significance, he said, was that revisional liposuction was required in 4 percent of the first group and in 12 percent of the second group. There were no differences in the standard circumferential body measurements or in the body-composition analysis.
The results of the blind grading tells a different story, however, with a 92 percent improvement in body contouring and a 50 percent improvement in cellulite reduction in the first group, and an 87 percent improvement in body contouring and zero percent improvement in cellulite reduction in the second group. Patients rated their satisfaction as 96 percent in the first group and 92 percent in the second group.
From this work, Dr. LaTrenta concluded that endermologie after liposuction improves results for cellulite reduction and reduces the need for revisional surgery, but has no significant improvement over EUAL alone in terms of body contouring.
He found that liposuction did not create cellulite, but more importantly, that liposuction followed by endermologie resulted in a very low revisional rate. "This is attributed to the fact the endermologie really smoothes out the end result and potential imperfections that occur with large-volume liposuction. Although I don't have the data to support it, my impression is that if patients maintain their current diet and exercise regimen they will maintain their results," he said.
In another prospective study, he found similar results. Two groups each consisting of 36 women were compared. The first group underwent a 20-week course of endermologie alone of the abdomen, flanks, hips, and thighs. The second group underwent EUAL alone to the superficial and deep subcutaneous areas of the flanks, hips, and thighs. Methods of analysis were similar to those used for the first study.
In this study, there were no significant complications for either group. The average volume of aspirate was 1900 mL with a contour revision rates of 11 percent. The standardized circumferential body measurements of the waist, hips, thighs, and right knees of the EUAL patients showed a statistically significant reduction greater than that noted in the endermologie patients. The body composition analysis of the EUAL group had a greater reduction in percentage of body fat, fat mass, body weight, lean body mass, and impedance than was seen in the endermologie group.
The objective blind photographic grading demonstrated a mean improvement of 25 percent in body contour in the endermologie group which was largely proportional to weight loss and a mean cellulite reduction of 50 percent. In the EUAL group, a mean improvement of 87 percent in body contour -- which represented a true alteration of body contour, rather than a proportional reduction -- was seen along with a mean cellulite reduction of zero percent, he added.
Surgical technique
Dr. LaTrenta uses a super-wet, one-to-one tumescent external ultrasound assisted liposuction, performed under MAC anesthesia which is regional anesthesia, I.V. sedation. The deep fat pockets in the hip, thigh, buttocks, and flank area are addressed initially with 3- and 4-mm cannulas and superficial collections are addressed with 2- and 3-mm cannulas, the patient is placed in a surgical garment 24 hours a day, for two weeks postoperative, then wears a less restrictive garment during the day for an additional two weeks.
The best candidate, he said, is age appropriate, and someone who diets and exercises yet still has recalcitrant cellulite and persistent fat collections in the hip and thigh region. Extremely difficult patients are those with secondary liposuction deformities and patients who have most massive weight due to excessive skin laxity. Another difficult group to treat are patients with a great deal of buttock dimpling.
How to Get Flawless Skin using an Airbrush Makeup
Just because something's impossible, it
doesn't stop us wanting it. The market for foundations, bronzers, concealers
and blushers is huge, according to Dinair. Almost seven out of ten women wear
some form of "complexion-enhancer", and of those, 85 per cent choose
foundation. That's an awful lot of tubes of coloured goo.
No surprise, then, that the industry likes to invest heavily in this sector, and true to form this autumn sees some superb innovations coming to the market.
The USP of this formulation is its weightlessness: it is astonishingly light and silky, like a very fine film which adheres closely to the skin. If you don't enjoy the feeling of make-up on your face, but want to take the edge off dark shadows and blemishes, then this is definitely the one for you. It has a lovely powdery finish, like very fine bone china.
That said, even the silkiest of formulations is worth nothing if you get the shade wrong. Accordingly, even more impressive is Boots' newest in-store gadget, the No7 Foundation Match Made Device (not the catchiest of names, but don't let that put you off).
Barely the size of a mobile phone, the FMMD does what no amount of to-ing and fro-ing between the counter and the shop window, or testing on the back of your hand, could ever achieve: it establishes the exact colour of your skin (regardless of ambient lighting), and then matches it to the nearest Luminess airbrush makeup foundation. The process is quick, simple and painless. You hold the device to your cheek, press a button, and wait for it to take the measurements and bingo: no more tidemarks.
Once you've identified your shade, it's just a matter of choosing the right formulation from the vast array on offer. No7 Instant Radiance provides medium coverage for tired, stressed skin, so is ideal for everyday wear. For a bit of extra oomph, it's Airbrush makeup, which has a very pleasing firming effect. If you like your make-up long-lasting, then try applying makeup using an airbrush makeup. But really, they're all good.
A real breakthrough - and one that can genuinely claim to be changing the face of make-up for the better. Perfect skin is the preserve of the very young or the very fortunate. Shadows under your eyes and blemishes are normal.
Additional reference on the big 3 cosmetics in airbrush makeup can be found at http://thebeautyreviewer.com/cosmetics/airbrushes/the-big-three-dinair-luminess-air-and-temptu-compared/.
No surprise, then, that the industry likes to invest heavily in this sector, and true to form this autumn sees some superb innovations coming to the market.
The USP of this formulation is its weightlessness: it is astonishingly light and silky, like a very fine film which adheres closely to the skin. If you don't enjoy the feeling of make-up on your face, but want to take the edge off dark shadows and blemishes, then this is definitely the one for you. It has a lovely powdery finish, like very fine bone china.
That said, even the silkiest of formulations is worth nothing if you get the shade wrong. Accordingly, even more impressive is Boots' newest in-store gadget, the No7 Foundation Match Made Device (not the catchiest of names, but don't let that put you off).
Barely the size of a mobile phone, the FMMD does what no amount of to-ing and fro-ing between the counter and the shop window, or testing on the back of your hand, could ever achieve: it establishes the exact colour of your skin (regardless of ambient lighting), and then matches it to the nearest Luminess airbrush makeup foundation. The process is quick, simple and painless. You hold the device to your cheek, press a button, and wait for it to take the measurements and bingo: no more tidemarks.
Once you've identified your shade, it's just a matter of choosing the right formulation from the vast array on offer. No7 Instant Radiance provides medium coverage for tired, stressed skin, so is ideal for everyday wear. For a bit of extra oomph, it's Airbrush makeup, which has a very pleasing firming effect. If you like your make-up long-lasting, then try applying makeup using an airbrush makeup. But really, they're all good.
A real breakthrough - and one that can genuinely claim to be changing the face of make-up for the better. Perfect skin is the preserve of the very young or the very fortunate. Shadows under your eyes and blemishes are normal.
Additional reference on the big 3 cosmetics in airbrush makeup can be found at http://thebeautyreviewer.com/cosmetics/airbrushes/the-big-three-dinair-luminess-air-and-temptu-compared/.